A 45-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with severe malnutrition and complications that prevent normal oral or enteral feeding. The medical team is considering parenteral nutrition to manage the patient’s nutritional needs. What is the commonest indication for parenteral nutrition? A. Esophageal cancer B. Acute diarrhea C. Paralytic ileus D. Massive gut resection E. Pyloric obstruction Answer: The … Read more
A 50-year-old man is scheduled for a superficial parotidectomy due to a benign tumor in the superficial lobe of his parotid gland. The surgeon explains the procedure to him, emphasizing the extent of the gland removal. In a superficial parotidectomy: A. Only a part of the superficial lobe is removed B. The superficial lobe is removed … Read more
A 58-year-old woman presents to her ENT specialist with a mass in her parotid gland. A biopsy is performed, and the pathology report indicates a malignant tumor with evidence of perineural invasion. Perineural invasion is common in: A. Pleomorphic adenoma B. Acinic cell carcinoma C. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma D. Adenoid cystic carcinoma Answer: The Correct Answer is: D. Adenoid … Read more
A 40-year-old man presents to his physician with recurrent swelling and pain in his parotid gland, especially during meals. The physician suspects parotid gland stones (sialolithiasis) and plans to confirm the diagnosis with imaging. Parotid calculi are best diagnosed by: A. Plain radiograph of parotid gland B. Plain radiograph occlusal view C. CT scan D. X-ray skull lateral … Read more
A 55-year-old man presents to the otolaryngology clinic with a painless mass in the region of his right parotid gland. Imaging studies suggest a benign salivary gland tumor, and a biopsy reveals oncocytic cells. Oncocytoma almost exclusively occurs in: A. Submandibular salivary gland B. Sublingual salivary gland C. Parotid salivary gland D. Accessory salivary gland Answer: The Correct … Read more
A 45-year-old woman is scheduled for parotid gland surgery to remove a benign tumor. The surgeon is planning the approach to identify and preserve the facial nerve during the procedure. Which of the following is the most reliable way of identifying the facial nerve in parotid surgeries? A. By removing the styloid process B. By tracing … Read more
A 28-year-old white male presents with asymptomatic testicular enlargement. After a thorough physical examination and imaging, the physician suspects a testicular tumor. Which of the following statements is/are true concerning his diagnosis and management? A. Tumor markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) will both be of value in the patient regardless of his … Read more
A 28-year-old man presents to his urologist with a painless lump in his right testis. After a physical examination and ultrasound, the urologist suspects carcinoma of the testis and recommends further evaluation and treatment. What is the appropriate surgical treatment for suspected carcinoma of the testis? A. Trans-Scrotal percutaneous biopsy B. Trans-scrotal open biopsy C. Repeated examinations D. … Read more
A 70-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, and hematuria. He has been treated for urinary tract infections (UTIs) multiple times in the past year, but his symptoms persist. A cystoscopy is performed, revealing a suspicious lesion in the bladder. Which of the following statements is true regarding … Read more
A 60-year-old man presents to his urologist with complaints of blood in his urine. He has no significant pain but reports unexplained weight loss and fatigue over the past few months. The urologist suspects a renal tumor and orders imaging studies and lab tests. Which of the following statements is true regarding renal adenocarcinomas? A. … Read more