A patient is diagnosed with pheochromocytoma, and the healthcare team is evaluating the characteristics of this tumor. Which of the following statements about pheochromocytomas is most accurate?
A. Benign tumors
B. Malignant tumors
C. Found in both adrenal glands (bilateral)
D. Located outside the adrenal glands (extra-adrenal)
The Correct Answer: A. Benign tumors
Explanation:
– Benign Tumors (A): The majority of pheochromocytomas are benign. They originate from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and secrete catecholamines, which can cause symptoms such as hypertension, headaches, and sweating. Although malignant pheochromocytomas can occur, they are less common.
Explanation of Other Options:
– Malignant Tumors (B): Malignant pheochromocytomas are less common than benign ones. They are diagnosed based on the presence of metastasis or local invasion rather than on histology alone.
– Found in Both Adrenal Glands (C): While pheochromocytomas can occur in both adrenal glands, the majority are unilateral. Bilateral pheochromocytomas are less common and often associated with genetic syndromes like Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN).
– Located Outside the Adrenal Glands (D): Pheochromocytomas are typically located in the adrenal glands. Extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas, known as paragangliomas, are less common but can occur in locations such as the sympathetic chain.
In summary, pheochromocytomas are most commonly benign tumors, making option A the correct choice.