A 40-year-old patient has been experiencing right-sided hemicranial headaches for the past 15 years, with the pain consistently on the right side of the head. Occasionally, they also report visual symptoms during these headaches. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. MigraineB. Tension headachesC. Cluster headachesD. Intracranial vascular malformationE. Brain tumor Correct Answer: A. Migraine … Read more

A 30-year-old woman from a remote village in Punjab presents with frequent bowel movements, tenesmus, and low-grade fever for past two days. Upon examination, blood and mucus are present in her stool. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Ulcerative colitisB. Bacillary dysenteryC. Carcinoma of the rectumD. Irritable bowel syndromeE. Malabsorption syndrome … Read more

A 68-year-old male presents with a four-week history of jaundice. He reports deep-colored urine, clay-colored stools, and pruritus, evident by scratch marks on his skin. On abdominal examination, a globular mass is palpable in the right hypochondrium, moving with respiration. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Viral hepatitisB. Cholecystitis and gallstonesC. Hemolytic anemiaD. Pancreatic … Read more

A 50-year-old male with a history of alcohol and tobacco abuse presents with progressive dysphagia (initially for solids, now including liquids), weight loss of 10 pounds, and occasional episodes of black tarry stools. What is the most important diagnostic investigation in this case? A. CT scan abdomenB. Chest X-ray PA viewC. GastroscopyD. X-ray abdomenE. Ultrasound … Read more

A 45-year-old male presents with mild uncomplicated hypertension, accompanied by symptoms of anxiety and palpitations. His blood pressure is slightly elevated, and no signs of organ damage or underlying conditions are noted. What is the most appropriate first-line treatment for this patient? A. ACE inhibitorsB. Beta blockersC. MethyldopaD. Calcium channel blockersE. Vasodilator drugs Correct Answer: … Read more

A 42-year-old male presents with complaints of fever, weight loss, and pruritus. On examination, a 2 cm firm lymph node of rubbery consistency is palpable in the right supraclavicular fossa, along with enlarged lymph nodes in the axillary region. The spleen is palpable 5 cm below the costal margin, and a chest X-ray reveals bilateral … Read more

A 60-year-old male presents with abdominal pain, absolute constipation, and vomiting. On examination, his abdomen is distended, and percussion reveals no shifting dullness. What is the first step in the evaluation of his condition? A. Passing nasogastric tubeB. Abdominal ultrasoundC. Plain X-ray of abdomenD. SigmoidoscopyE. CT scan abdomen Correct Answer: C. Plain X-ray of abdomen … Read more

A 30-year-old female with Graves’ disease was started on propylthiouracil (PTU) one month ago. She now presents with complaints of a sore throat, low-grade fever, and feeling generally unwell. Given her recent initiation of antithyroid medication, which of the following tests should be performed as the initial step in evaluating her condition? A. Complete Blood … Read more

A 35-year-old woman presents to the clinic with complaints of numbness in her thumb, index finger, and part of the ring finger. On physical examination, there is wasting of the thenar eminence (base of the thumb), and she reports weakness in gripping objects. There is no significant joint pain or systemic symptoms. What is the … Read more

A 30-year-old male presents to the emergency department with a three-day history of worsening difficulty in breathing, which is not responding to his usual treatment. He reports a history of similar episodes in the past. On auscultation, rhonchi are heard in both lungs, and there is cyanosis of the hands, but no clubbing is noted. … Read more