A 40-year-old farmer presents to his primary care physician with complaints of dull pain and swelling in his left leg. He notes that the swelling decreases when he elevates his limb. On physical examination, the swelling is found to pit on pressure, and there is a positive Stemmer’s sign (inability to pinch the skin on … Read more
A 47-year-old woman presents to a lymphedema clinic with chronic swelling in her left calf, which has progressively worsened over the past five years despite conservative treatments such as compression therapy and manual lymphatic drainage. She experiences significant discomfort and mobility issues due to the swelling. After a thorough evaluation, her vascular surgeon recommends a … Read more
A 60-year-old woman presents to the gynecology clinic with abdominal distension and discomfort. She has a history of mucinous tumors and recent imaging shows extensive mucinous ascites. Further investigation reveals a gelatinous material filling her peritoneal cavity. The clinical team suspects pseudomyxoma peritonei and proceeds with additional diagnostic procedures to identify the primary source of … Read more
A 55-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with chronic abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, and episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding. He undergoes a series of diagnostic tests, including imaging and endoscopy, which reveal a mass in the small intestine. A biopsy is performed to determine the nature of the tumor. Which of the following … Read more
A 35-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with severe right lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Her pain began acutely and has been steadily progressing over the past 12 hours. On physical examination, she has significant tenderness and guarding in the right lower quadrant. The surgical team is suspecting acute appendicitis and is … Read more
A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents due to complaints of abdominal pain and bloody stools. The pain is intermittent and located around the umbilical area. His past medical history is unremarkable. On physical examination, the abdomen is soft with mild tenderness near the umbilicus. An abdominal ultrasound is performed, … Read more
A 25-year-old male presents to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain, blood and mucus in his stool, and a palpable mass in the abdomen. The patient has no significant past medical history but reports that the pain started suddenly and has been worsening. Question: The most likely diagnosis in this young male presenting with … Read more
A 60-year-old male patient with severe malnutrition is initiated on Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) in the hospital. The medical team monitors him closely for potential complications associated with TPN. Complications associated with TPN include: A. GallstonesB. HyperglycemiaC. HyperkalemiaD. All of them The Correct Answer is: D. All of them NEXT Explanation: Gallstones: Gallstones can develop … Read more
A 35-year-old patient presents for a routine check-up and expresses concerns about maintaining adequate vitamin K levels. The patient is interested in understanding the different sources of vitamin K to ensure a balanced diet. Question: The most common source of vitamin K is: A. Intestinal bacteriaB. Meat productsC. Dairy productsD. Vegetables The Correct Answer is: … Read more
A 28-year-old patient is being evaluated for electrolyte imbalances. The gastroenterologist explains the mechanisms of sodium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and mentions that sodium absorption is crucial for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Question: Sodium absorption normally occurs in the: A. Ileum and colonB. DuodenumC. Proximal jejunumD. Stomach The Correct Answer is: A. Ileum … Read more