A 48-year-old man presents with sudden-onset severe pain, swelling, and redness in his right big toe. The pain started overnight and intensified by morning, making it difficult for him to walk. He has a history of hypertension managed with hydrochlorothiazide. On examination, the toe joint is warm, erythematous, and tender to touch. Laboratory investigations reveal … Read more
A 32-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a history of three consecutive miscarriages, all occurring in the first trimester. She reports no significant symptoms between pregnancies, though she occasionally experiences mild joint pain. On further questioning, she denies fever, photosensitivity, or Raynaud’s phenomenon. Laboratory investigations show a positive lupus anticoagulant, elevated anticardiolipin antibodies, and … Read more