FreeMedsite A 28-year-old patient is being evaluated for electrolyte imbalances. The gastroenterologist explains the mechanisms of sodium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and mentions that sodium absorption is crucial for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Question: Sodium absorption normally occurs in the: A. Ileum and colonB. DuodenumC. Proximal jejunumD. Stomach The Correct Answer is: A. Ileum … Read more
A 52-year-old male patient underwent a haemorrhoidectomy for severe hemorrhoids. On the first postoperative day, he reports difficulty in urinating and increasing lower abdominal discomfort. On examination, his bladder is distended. The most common early complication following haemorrhoidectomy in males is: A. Urinary retentionB. Fecal incontinenceC. Anal strictureD. None The Correct Answer is: A. Urinary … Read more
A 45-year-old male patient presents with intermittent rectal bleeding and discomfort during bowel movements for the past several months. On physical examination, he is found to have grade-2 hemorrhoids, which prolapse during defecation but spontaneously reduce. The treatment of choice for grade-2 hemorrhoids is: A. Band ligationB. Open haemorrhoidectomyC. Electro-coagulationD. Stool softener The Correct Answer … Read more
A 26-year-old female patient presents to the clinic with a painful perianal swelling that has been present for the last three days. On examination under anesthesia, she is found to have a low fistula in ano. The treatment of choice for this patient is: A. Incision and drainageB. Incision, drainage, and fistulotomyC. Incision, drainage, and … Read more
A 45-year-old man with a 15-year history of Crohn’s disease presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He reports that the pain started suddenly and has been worsening over the past 24 hours. On examination, he has significant abdominal distension and tenderness, particularly in the mid-abdomen. Bowel sounds are high-pitched … Read more
A 35-year-old patient with a long history of inflammatory bowel disease is being evaluated for surgical treatment. The surgical team discusses the potential for restorative proctocolectomy with ileo-anal pouch, considering the underlying diagnosis and suitability for the procedure. Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for restorative proctocolectomy with ileo-anal pouch? A. Ulcerative colitisB. … Read more
A 45-year-old patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, fever, tachycardia, and significant abdominal distension. The attending physician is concerned about a potentially life-threatening complication and considers the indications for emergency surgery. Which of the following is an indication for emergency surgery in a patient with … Read more
A 70-year-old female patient underwent anterior resection with primary anastomosis five days ago. Postoperatively, she is suspected to have an anastomotic leak due to signs of sepsis, abdominal pain, and fever. The attending surgeon decides to perform a diagnostic investigation to confirm the presence of an anastomotic leak. Which of the following is the most … Read more
A 55-year-old patient presents with symptoms of rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, and unexplained weight loss. The attending physician suspects colorectal cancer and decides to perform a colonoscopy to identify the location and extent of the tumor. Which of the following is the most common site of colorectal cancer? A. Right colonB. Transverse colonC. … Read more
A 70-year-old patient presents with sudden onset abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. The attending physician suspects ischemic colitis and decides to perform imaging studies and possibly a colonoscopy to confirm the diagnosis and identify the affected area. Which of the following is the most common site of ischemic colitis? A. Splenic flexureB. Transverse colonC.Hepatic flexureD. … Read more