A 30-year-old patient presents with symptoms of acute diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. The patient has a known history of ulcerative colitis (UC) and is currently experiencing a flare-up. The gastroenterologist aims to manage the acute exacerbation of the patient’s condition and discusses various treatment options.
What is the primary treatment for managing acute colitis in ulcerative colitis?
A. Steroids
B. Sulphasalazine
C. Mesalazine
D. Antibiotics
E. Surgical resection
The Correct Answer is: A. Steroids
Explanation:
– Steroids (A): The primary treatment for managing acute colitis in ulcerative colitis is the use of corticosteroids. Steroids help to reduce inflammation rapidly and are effective in controlling symptoms during acute exacerbations. They are often used for moderate to severe flare-ups when symptoms are not adequately controlled by other medications.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
– Sulphasalazine (B): Sulphasalazine is used primarily for maintenance therapy and for mild to moderate disease in UC. It is not the first-line treatment for acute exacerbations but can be part of long-term management.
– Mesalazine (C): Mesalazine (or 5-ASA) is also used for maintenance therapy and in managing mild to moderate UC. It is less effective for acute severe exacerbations compared to steroids.
– Antibiotics (D): Antibiotics are not typically used for treating acute colitis in UC unless there is a suspicion of secondary infection. They do not directly address the inflammation of UC itself.
– Surgical Resection (E): Surgical resection is considered for patients with severe UC who do not respond to medical therapy or in cases of complications such as toxic megacolon or perforation. It is not used as a first-line treatment for acute flare-ups.
In summary, steroids are the primary treatment for managing acute colitis in ulcerative colitis (option A), as they are effective in reducing inflammation and controlling symptoms during acute flare-ups.